Pain and stiffness in the shoulder can be debilitating, affecting daily activities and quality of life. One common yet often misunderstood condition responsible for these symptoms is frozen shoulder, medically known as adhesive capsulitis. To unravel the mystery behind frozen shoulder and shed light on its causes, symptoms, and treatment options, Dr. Ayyappan V Nair, a consultant specializing in shoulder surgery, sports medicine, and arthroscopy at Manipal Hospital, provides valuable insights.
Frozen shoulder occurs when the connective tissue surrounding the shoulder joint becomes thickened and inflamed, leading to pain and restricted movement. While the exact cause of frozen shoulder remains unknown, certain factors such as age, gender, and underlying medical conditions like diabetes or thyroid disorders may increase the risk of developing this condition.
Symptoms of frozen shoulder typically progress through three stages: freezing, frozen, and thawing. During the freezing stage, individuals may experience gradual onset of pain and stiffness in the shoulder, often worsening over time. As the condition progresses to the frozen stage, shoulder movement becomes severely limited, making simple tasks such as reaching overhead or behind the back challenging. Finally, during the thawing stage, shoulder mobility gradually improves, although full recovery may take several months to years.
Diagnosis of frozen shoulder is based on a thorough medical history, physical examination, and imaging studies such as X-rays or MRI scans to rule out other potential causes of shoulder pain and stiffness. Once diagnosed, treatment options for frozen shoulder aim to alleviate pain, improve shoulder mobility, and restore function.
Dr. Ayyappan V Nair emphasizes the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to managing frozen shoulder, which may include a combination of non-surgical and surgical interventions. Non-surgical treatment options may include physical therapy, corticosteroid injections, and anti-inflammatory medications to reduce pain and inflammation. In some cases, arthroscopic surgery may be recommended to release the tight capsule and improve shoulder mobility.
As with any medical condition, early intervention and appropriate management are crucial for achieving optimal outcomes in patients with frozen shoulder. By raising awareness and providing expert guidance, Dr. Ayyappan V Nair aims to empower individuals to take proactive steps towards addressing shoulder pain and stiffness, ultimately restoring their quality of life and overall well-being.
